Depression

What is it?

Depression is more than feeling sad or “down” for a while. It’s a persistent state of low mood, loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities, and changes in thinking, feeling, or functioning that can interfere with work, relationships, and daily life. It may present as a major depressive disorder, a recurrent condition, or as part of other mood-related illnesses.

What are the symptoms?

Common symptoms of depression can affect both mind and body, including:

• Persistent sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness

• Loss of interest or pleasure (anhedonia) in activities that used to bring joy

• Changes in appetite or weight (eating more or less)

• Sleep problems (insomnia or sleeping too much)

• Fatigue, slowed thinking or movement

• Difficulty concentrating, making decisions

• Feelings of worthlessness, guilt, or recurrent thoughts of death or suicide

• Physical aches, pains, or digestive issues without a clear cause

How is it diagnosed?

I start with a comprehensive psychiatric evaluation: we’ll review your mood history, emotional symptoms, functioning, medical and medication background, and daily life. My goal is to understand your unique experience of depression (including triggers, patterns, and how it’s affecting you) so that we can build a tailored, evidence-based plan that fits your needs.

How is it treated?

Your treatment plan will be personalized and evidence-based. It may include the following components:

• Medication management: Many people benefit from antidepressants such as SSRIs, SNRIs, atypical antidepressants, or augmentation strategies when needed.

• Lifestyle and coping strategies: Regular sleep patterns, physical activity, balanced nutrition, social connection, and mindful practices all support recovery and stability.

• Psychotherapy: Techniques such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), behavioral activation, interpersonal therapy (IPT) and supportive therapy can help shift patterns and build resilience.

• Ongoing support: Depression often overlaps with anxiety, sleep disorders, substance use, or medical conditions. We monitor progress, adjust treatment as needed, and coordinate care with other providers when appropriate.

What to expect:

Most patients begin to notice some improvement within a few weeks of treatment, though full benefit may take several months. I’ll engage with you regularly to review progress, side effects (if using medications), and to ensure your plan remains effective and safe.